RESUMO
OBJETIVOS: Revisión sistemática de las relaciones entre valores humanos y síndrome de burnout, analizando también aquellas estrategias de afrontamiento frente a esta enfermedad. Material y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos MEDLINE (PUBMED), SCIELO, LILACS, CISNE/UCM, Periódicos CAPES y BVS. RESULTADOS: Los 9 artículos seleccionados mostraron un mayor número de asociaciones positivas entre los valores de autopromoción y el burnout, principalmente en la despersonalización, mientras que los valores de autotrascendencia y conservación se relacionaron negativamente con la despersonalización. Las estrategias de afrontamiento más indicadas son aquellas que se dirigen a la evitación del conflicto entre valores personales y profesionales. CONCLUSIÓN: Se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre el burnout y sus dimensiones (despersonalización, agotamiento emocional y baja realización) y los valores. Dada la relevancia de la relación entre valores y burnout se señala la necesidad de realizar nuevos estudios que puedan confirmar y explicar mejor estos resultados
OBJECTIVES: Systematic review of the relationship between human values and the burnout syndrome, also analyzing coping strategies towards this mental health disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review was carried out on the MEDLINE (PUBMED), SCIELO, LILACS, CISNE / UCM, CAPES and VHL journal databases. RESULTS: The 9 selected articles showed a higher number of positive associations between self-promotion values and burnout, mainly in depersonalization, while self-transcendence and conservation values were negatively related to depersonalization. The most indicated coping strategies were those that address conflict avoidance between personal and professional values. CONCLUSIONS: Significant associations were found between burnout and its dimensions (depersonalization, emotional exhaustion and low performance) and values. Given the relevance of the relationship between values and burnout, it is pointed out the need to carry out new studies that can confirm and explain these results better
Assuntos
Humanos , Valores Sociais , Esgotamento Psicológico/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Comportamento Social , Despersonalização , 16359RESUMO
Organic solvents can change CNS sensory and motor function. Eye-movement analyses can be important tools when investigating the neurotoxic changes that result from chronic organic solvent exposure. The current research measured the eye-movement patterns of men and women with and without histories of chronic organic solvent exposure. A total of 44 volunteers between 18 and 41 years old participated in this study; 22 were men (11 exposed and 11 controls), and 22 were women (11 exposed and 11 controls). Eye movement was evaluated using a 250-Hz High-Speed Video Eye Tracker Toolbox (Cambridge Research Systems) via an image of a maze. Specific body indices of exposed and non-exposed men and women were measured with an Inbody 720 to determine whether the differences in eye-movement patterns were associated with body composition. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0.0. The results indicated that exposed adults showed significantly more fixations (t = 3.82; p = 0.001; r = 0.51) and longer fixations (t = 4.27; p = 0.001, r = 0.54) than their non-exposed counterparts. Comparisons within men (e.g., exposed and non-exposed) showed significant differences in the number of fixations (t = 2.21; p = 0.04; r = 0.20) and duration of fixations (t = 3.29; p = 0.001; r = 0.35). The same was true for exposed vs. non-exposed women, who showed significant differences in the number of fixations (t = 3.10; p = 0.001; r = 0.32) and fixation durations (t = 2.76; p = 0.01; r = 0.28). However, the results did not show significant differences between exposed women and men in the number and duration of fixations. No correlations were found between eye-movement pattern and body composition measures (p > 0.05). These results suggest that chronic organic solvent exposure affects eye movements, regardless of sex and body composition, and that eye tracking contributes to the investigation of the visual information processing disorders acquired by workers exposed to organic solvents.
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In the present paper, we review some programming languages and computer software used to investigate basic psychological processes. In the first section, we address the principles and logical structure of the most common programming languages (e.g. C, C++, Java, Matlab, R, Python), and in the second section we present some of their applications to psychological research. Finally, we discuss the importance of computer programming as a tool in the field of psychology and its relationship with technological innovation.
No presente artigo foram revisadas algumas linguagens de programação esoftwares usados na investigação dos processos psicológicos básicos. Na primeira seção, foram abordados os princípios e a estrutura lógica das linguagens mais comuns de programação (e.g. C, C++, Java, Matlab, R e Python), e na segunda seção foram apresentadas algumas de suas aplicações na pesquisa psicológica. Ao final, são discutidas a importância da programação como uma ferramenta no campo da psicologia e sua relação com a inovação tecnológica.
En el presente artículo revisamos algunos de los lenguajes de programación y programas informáticos utilizados en la investigación de los procesos psicológicos básicos. En la primera sección, abordamos los principios y la estructura lógica de los lenguajes más comunes de programación (e.g., C, C++, Java, Matlab, R, y Python), y en la segunda sección, presentamos algunas de sus aplicaciones en la investigación psicológica. Al final, discutimos la importancia de la programación como una herramienta en el campo de la psicología y su relación con la innovación tecnológica.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico , Linguagens de Programação , SoftwareRESUMO
This article aims to demonstrate the utilities of Matlab (MATrix LABoratory) and eye-tracker for research in psychophysics and basic processes. We first introduce its origin, functioning, and advantages over other programs, and then we review different applications of Matlab in psychophysical tests involving eye-trackers. As an example, we present the development of a psychophysical test involving eye-tracker and Matlab, showing its ability to communicate and interact with other devices and programming languages. Finally, we emphasize the advantages and difficulties of working with Matlab.
Esse artigo teve como objetivo demonstrar a funcionalidade e capacidade do Matlab (MATrix LABoratory) e rastreamento de movimentos oculares (eye-tracker) para pesquisas em psicofísica e processos básicos. Para isso é apresentado primeiramente os fundamentos da criação e funcionamento do Matlab e suas vantagens sobre outros softwares. Em seguida são apresentadas diferentes aplicações do Matlab em testes psicofísicos com rastreadores de movimentos oculares (eyetracker). Também é apresentada a criação de um teste psicofísico em Matlab para umeyetracker e sua capacidade de se comunicar/interagir com outras linguagens. Por fim, são enfatizadas as vantagens e dificuldades de se trabalhar com esse tipo de ferramenta.
El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue exponer algunas de las aplicaciones que tiene el software Mat-lab (MATrix LABoratory) y Eyetracker en las investigaciones con psicofísica y procesos básicos. Para alcanzar este objetivo, el artículo se organiza en cuatro secciones. La primera aborda los aspectos básicos de la creación y gestión del software. La segunda sección expone sus diferentes aplicaciones en las pruebas psicofísicas. La tercera parte muestra un ejemplo de cómo crear una prueba psicofísica con eye-tracker programado por Matlab. Por último, se destacan las ventajas y dificultades de trabajar con este software.
